{"id":10105,"date":"2024-07-23T23:06:12","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T23:06:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/?page_id=10105"},"modified":"2024-10-08T14:47:52","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T14:47:52","slug":"iem-2-5-paleoceanography-and-climate-variability","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/iem-2-5-paleoceanography-and-climate-variability\/","title":{"rendered":"IEM.2-5 Paleoceanography and Climate Variability"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_column-gap-10 wd-parallax wd-rs-6600785140e38 wd-section-stretch\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"wd-section-title-css\" href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/css\/parts\/el-section-title.min.css?ver=7.5.2\" type=\"text\/css\" media=\"all\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"wd-section-title-style-under-and-over-css\" href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/css\/parts\/el-section-title-style-under-and-over.min.css?ver=7.5.2\" type=\"text\/css\" media=\"all\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"wd-mod-highlighted-text-css\" href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/css\/parts\/mod-highlighted-text.min.css?ver=7.5.2\" type=\"text\/css\" media=\"all\" \/> \t\t\t\n\t\t<div id=\"wd-66a037242b197\" class=\"title-wrapper wd-wpb set-mb-s reset-last-child  wd-rs-66a037242b197 wd-title-color-primary wd-title-style-underlined text-left  wd-underline-colored\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"liner-continer\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"woodmart-title-container title  wd-font-weight- wd-fontsize-l\" >IEM.2-5 Paleoceanography and Climate Variability<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1711306875946 vc_column-gap-10 wd-rs-6600786b4a76e wd-section-stretch\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"wd-text-block-css\" href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/css\/parts\/el-text-block.min.css?ver=7.5.2\" type=\"text\/css\" media=\"all\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"wd-670545c044e8d\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-670545c044e8d text-left \">\n\t\t\t<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Instructors:<\/span><\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/georgios-kontakiotis\/\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">G. Kontakiotis<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/maria-triantaphyllou\/\"> M. Triantaphyllou<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/katerina-kouli\/\">K. Kouli;<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/elisavet-skampa\/\">E. Skampa<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/evangelia-besiou\/\">E. Besiou; <\/a><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/aleka-gogou\/\">A. Gogou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/iuliana-vasiliev\/\">I. Vasiliev<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/idea-m.com\/index.php\/elisa-maliverno\/\">E. Malinverno<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SEMESTER:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> 2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nd<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:1162,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:1162,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701,1134&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0,0,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">LEARNING OUTCOMES<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:40,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;3402&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;4&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The aim of the course is to give an understanding of the processes that determine and change the Earth&#8217;s climate system at different spatial and temporal scales by studying paleoceanographic changes and climate variability at different geological times.<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">CONTENT<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:40,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;3402&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;4&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Theoretical content (lectures).<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:40,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701,284,1134&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0,0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0,0,1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"112\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction: Concepts of Paleoceanography and Climate Variability &#8211; The role of the ocean in the climate system and in the global Carbon cycle<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"113\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Climatic variations\/cyclicity: time scales and control mechanisms at the global scale; the anthropogenic impact and ocean acidification<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"114\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Archives and proxies of paleoceanography: Deep sea sediment distributions \u2013 examples, applications in marine, ice and terrestrial records and past CO<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> reconstructions. Stable isotopes and trace elements in the sediment record.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"115\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Biogenic indices (nannoplakton, foraminifera, dinoflagellates, diatoms, etc.) and stable isotopes (Oxygen, Carbon etc.) as paleoceanographic proxies\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"116\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Geochemical indices: organic biomarkers as productivity and preservation proxies<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"117\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Geochemical indices: Mg\/Ca, Uk37&#8242; and TEX86 as temperature proxies<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"118\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Salinity-related Proxies<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"119\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Paleoceanographic Change Through Time I: The Mesozoic Anoxic Events and the Paleogene thermal maxima (PETM, EECO)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"120\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Paleoceanographic Change Through Time II: Paleoceanographic evolution of restricted basins: the case of the Mediterranean during the Miocene (MMCO and Messinian Salinity Crisis) and the Pliocene (mPWP)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"121\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Paleoceanographic Change Through Time III: paleoclimate variability during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and\/or last deglaciation (BA-YD)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"122\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Paleoceanographic Change Through Time IV: Climate and ocean during the Holocene \u2013 The significance of sapropel anoxic events<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"123\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Paleoceanographic Change Through Time V: Climate and ocean on time scales from decades to millennia-the last 2K<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:300,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;335559991&quot;:187,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0392. Practical exercises:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:40,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;1134&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"124\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">stable isotopes, paleotemperature proxies and biogenic indices combined application for paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic reconstructions<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"125\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">paleo-salinity reconstructions based on the integrated stable isotopic and paleotemperature signals<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;134224900&quot;:true,&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:473,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"126\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">project based on critical bibliographic review<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;284&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">BREAKDOWN OF WORKLOAD\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:120,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table data-tablestyle=\"Custom\" data-tablelook=\"0\" aria-rowcount=\"7\">\n<tbody>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"1\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4353\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Activity<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"273\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Semester Workload (hours)<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"2\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Face to face (in lectures and practical exercises)\u202f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:-90,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:23,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">39<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"3\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Homework \u2013 includes bibliographic research and applications<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:-90,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:23,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">20<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"4\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Project<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">39<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"5\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Questions and Answers\u202f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"6\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Preparation for final examination and\/or project presentation<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:-90,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:23,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">17<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"7\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Total<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">125<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">STUDENT EVALUATION\/GRADING<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:40,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;3402&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;4&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The evaluation process is conducted in English, either with progress in separate sections of the material or with the final examination of the whole material and includes:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:120,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I. LECTURES (50%) <\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf02d\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"21\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf02d&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Oral Examination and\/or<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf02d\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"21\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf02d&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Written exam with short answer questions and Multiple choice test and\/or<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf02d\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"21\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf02d&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Written examination with extended answer questions and\/or <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf02d\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"21\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf02d&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scientific presentation in a specific topic related to the subject of the course\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245529&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">II. PRACTICAL EXERCISES (50%)<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u2012\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"44\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:831,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;8226&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\u2012&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"15\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Written examination with exercises and problem solving<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;0&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">SUGGESTED LITERATURE<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:113,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:40,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;3402&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;4&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"139\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Raymond S. Bradley, Paleoclimatology-Reconstructing Climates of the Quaternary, 3<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">rd<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> ed, Wiley (2015)<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"140\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Roger G. Barry, Eileen A. Hall-McKin, Essentials of the Earth\u2019s Climate System, 1<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">st<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> ed, Cambridge University Press (2014)<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"141\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Colin V Murray-Wallace, Colin D Wood, Quaternary Sea-Level Changes: A Global Perspective, Cambridge University Press (2018)<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"142\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Thomas J. M. Schopf, Paleoceanography, Harvard University Press (2013)<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:120,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:113,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"143\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Paleoceanography and Palaeoclimatology<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"144\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Marine Geology<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"145\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Frontiers in Climate<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"146\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nature Climate Change<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"147\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Climate Dynamics<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"148\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"149\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Global and Planetary Change<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335551500&quot;:1199898,&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Wingdings&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:&#091;9642&#093;,&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0a7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"150\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Journal of Marine Science and Engineering<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;360,1701&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0,0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1,1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Website<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b><span 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